Breast Cancer Surgery
Breast cancer is the presence of extraneous neoplasms that can grow into neighbouring structures, metastasize to neighbouring organs. When a woman develops oncology, her lymph nodes increase and dangerous signs appear, which in no case can be ignored. Regular examination by a gynaecologist can completely cure cancer at the initial stage. In order to protect herself from possible problems in the future, a woman should conduct a breast examination itself. Specialists divide oncology of the mammary gland into two types – nodular and diffuse.
Causes of the disease
Experts believe that the disease can occur under the influence of the following risk factors:
- Heredity;
- Frequent abortions;
- Congenital malformations;
- Chest injuries;
- Bad habits;
- Improper nutrition;
- Hormonal disbalance.
Diagnostics
To make a correct diagnosis, the specialist uses laboratory research methods and instrumental. Such methods of examination are often used:
- Inspection;
- Ultrasound;
- Mammography;
- MRI or CT;
- Blood and urine tests;
- Analysis of tumour markers;
- Biopsy.
Treatment
The choice of treatment depends on many factors: the stage of the disease, the woman’s age, structure and tumour growth rate. The Center for Breast Health uses an integrated approach, that is, the optimal combination of surgical, radiotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic methods. A council of specialists of various profiles will offer the woman exactly the treatment that in her case guarantees a successful result – both oncological and aesthetic.
When choosing a method of operation, specialists plan in advance the option to restore the shape and volume of the breast. Surgical treatment involves two approaches: lumpectomy and mastectomy. In most cases, specialists carry out organ-preserving operations. If it is impossible to avoid a mastectomy, the patient is offered various options for breast reconstruction, taking into account personal preferences.
Chemotherapy can be prescribed both after the operation and before it. The purpose of the preoperative procedure is to reduce the primary tumour so that it is possible to remove the formation while preserving the breast. After surgery, chemotherapy is prescribed to destroy metastases and suppress them in the future. When carrying out the procedure, international protocols approved by the scientific oncological communities are used, as well as standard methods. If the tumour cannot be physically removed, radiation exposure is prescribed.