The Hepatitis B Panel is used to assess exposure to the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), detect active infection, and determine immune status following vaccination or past infection.
The combination of HBsAg, HBsAb, and HBcAb provides a comprehensive serologic profile.
This panel is applied both in clinical evaluation and in routine immune status assessment.

What does the panel include?

The panel includes:

• HBsAg (Hepatitis B Surface Antigen) – marker of active infection
• HBsAb (Hepatitis B Surface Antibody) – indicator of immunity following vaccination or recovery
• HBcAb (Hepatitis B Core Antibody) – evidence of natural exposure to the virus

Together, these markers help differentiate acute infection, chronic carriage, past infection, and vaccine-induced immunity.

Who is this panel suitable for?

• Evaluation of abnormal liver function tests
• Pre-surgical screening
• Blood donation screening
• Prior to immunosuppressive therapy
• Assessment of immune status
• After potential exposure to HBV

The panel may also be included in routine health screenings.

What is the advantage of a panel over a single test?

Testing a single marker does not provide complete information about infection status.
For example, positive HBsAb alone often reflects vaccination, while HBcAb indicates natural exposure.

Combining all three markers allows clinicians to:

• Identify active infection
• Distinguish chronic carriage from past infection
• Differentiate vaccine-induced immunity from natural immunity

How is the test performed?

• A venous blood sample is collected
• Fasting is not required
• No special preparation is necessary
• Patients should inform their physician about prior Hepatitis B vaccination

How are the results interpreted?

A positive HBsAg result indicates active infection.
Positive HBsAb with negative HBcAb usually reflects immunity due to vaccination.
Positive HBcAb indicates past natural exposure to the virus.
Final interpretation depends on the combined pattern of all three markers.

⚠️ Interpretation of results requires medical consultation.
Laboratory findings should not be interpreted without full clinical evaluation.

Possible complementary investigations

• Liver function tests (ALT, AST, bilirubin)
• HBV DNA viral load testing
• Hepatitis A and C markers
• Liver ultrasound when clinically indicated

Further medical evaluation

If active infection is identified, medical follow-up and viral load assessment are required.

If immunity is absent, vaccination may be recommended according to medical guidance.

Consultation may be recommended with:

• Primary care physician
• Gastroenterologist
• Infectious disease specialist

Additional Professional Information

All tests are performed in a clinical laboratory operating in accordance with established professional standards and internal quality control procedures.
Results are issued in accordance with validated laboratory protocols.

Interpretation of findings is conducted within the framework of clinical evaluation by the treating physician.